Fellowship：

Fellowship是一種對在進行研究工作的人員給予的較高額獎學金，是給研究生的經(jīng)濟資助中競爭最為激烈的獎學金。如果獲得了Fellowship，即除了免學雜費、住宿費、保險費、書本費以外，還給獲獎學生一定金額作為其個人消費費用。同時不必服務，也不用納稅，這種獎學金是完全意義上的“全獎”。

Graduate Assistantship

Teaching Assistantship (TA):A form of financial aid awarded to graduate students to help support their education. Teaching assistantships usually provide the graduate student with a waiver of all or part of tuition, plus a small stipend for living expenses. As the name implies, a TA is required to perform teaching-related duties.

Research Assistantship (RA): A form of financial aid awarded to graduate students to help support their education. Research assistantships usually provide the graduate student with a waiver of all or part of tuition, plus a small stipend for living expenses. As the name implies, an RA is required to perform research duties. Sometimes these duties are strongly tied to the student's eventual thesis topic.

這種屬于服務性獎學金，獲得此類資助者每周擔任12-20小時的輔助教學或研究工作。這種經(jīng)濟資助只提供給碩士或者博士申請者。絕大多數(shù)的美國高校研究生院都設置這種資助，然而并非所有的此類資助都能覆蓋一年中的全部費用，但多數(shù)都在全部金額的2/3以上。不過很多學校提供這種獎學金的同時，還會給學生免學雜費，也就相當于申請到“全獎”。在這里有一點要說明：TA/RA所得是要納稅的。

Tuition Waiver

實際上Tuition Waiver并不屬于獎學金的范疇，而是屬于經(jīng)濟資助，這是中國學生，尤其是非理工類申請人拿的最多的一類資助類型。它也是非服務性資助中發(fā)放最多的，最容易申請的一種。這里順便說一句：如果你可以獲得學費全部減免就是大學通常所說的“半獎”，如果再拿到RA/TA就屬于“全獎”了。